OSHA regulations govern the safety and health of the workers and the responsibilities of employers to ensure their safety at the warehouse, dock, construction site, and in other places truckers go to deliver and pick up loads throughout the country. (ii) Loaded into a closed unit load device and the foodstuffs, feed, or other edible material are loaded into another closed unit load device; (2) Bearing or required to bear a POISON, POISON GAS or POISON INHALATION HAZARD label in the driver's compartment (including a sleeper berth) of a motor vehicle; or. Care shall be exercised in the loading and unloading of arsenical dust, arsenic trioxide, and sodium arsenate, allowable to be loaded into sift-proof, steel hopper-type or dump-type motor-vehicle bodies equipped with water-proof, dust-proof covers well secured in place on all openings, to accomplish such loading with the minimum spread of such compounds into the atmosphere by all means that are practicable; and no such loading or unloading shall be done near or adjacent to any place where there are or are likely to be, during the loading or unloading process assemblages of persons other than those engaged in the loading or unloading process, or upon any public highway or in any public place. Division 6.1 (poisonous) materials and Division 2.3 (poisonous gas) materials. (3) No more than two cargo carrying vehicles may be in the same combination of vehicles. Standards include setting brakes, setting wheel blocks, and using a jack stand. In loading and storage areas, fissile material packages must be grouped so that the sum of CSIs in any one group is not greater than 50; there may be more than one group of fissile material packages in a loading or storage area, so long as each group is at least 6 m (20 feet) away from all other such groups. 177-85, 60 FR 50334, Sept. 28, 1995, as amended at 63 FR 52850, Oct. 1, 1998; 66 FR 45385, Aug. 28, 2001; 69 FR 3696, Jan. 26, 2004; 87 FR 79784, Dec. 27, 2022]. (g) Each liquid discharge valve on a cargo tank motor vehicle, other than an engine fuel line valve, must be closed during transportation except during loading and unloading. If you work for a Federal agency, use this drafting result, it may not include the most recent changes applied to the CFR. In addition, its (k) Attendance of Class 1 (explosive) materials. (2) When a cargo tank is loaded or unloaded through a vapor-tight (not open hole) top or bottom connection, so that there is no release of vapor at a point where a spark could occur, bonding or grounding is not required. A cargo tank must be attended by a qualified person at all times when it is being loaded. site when drafting amendatory language for Federal regulations: Special care shall also be taken in the loading of any motor vehicle with Class 4 (flammable solid) or Class 5 (oxidizing) materials, which are likely to become more hazardous to transport by wetting, to keep them from being wetted during the loading process and to keep them dry during transit. If unforeseen conditions cause an excessive pressure rise, the driver shall manually vent the tank at a remote and safe location. Provides an overview of the regulations, training requirements, and other resources from other federal agencies: Provides specific OSHA, Department of Transportation (DOT), and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations, training requirements, hazard references and illness and injury statistics that apply to the major trucking activities of employers and their employees. The Truck Trailer Manufacturers Association Recommended Practice RP No. 47-99, 2.1 states, Doors are not considered as cargo securement devices. (iv) Highway transportation is limited to private and contract carriage and to direct movement from point of origin to destination. (3) Bearing a POISON label displaying the text PG III, or bearing a PG III mark adjacent to the POISON label, with materials marked as, or known to be, foodstuffs, feed or any other edible material intended for consumption by humans or animals, unless the package containing the Division 6.1, Packing Group III material is separated in a manner that, in the event of leakage from packages under conditions normally incident to transportation, commingling of hazardous materials with foodstuffs, feed or any other edible material would not occur. is available with paragraph structure matching the official CFR (o) Unloading of IM and UN portable tanks. For Federal Register citations affecting 177.838, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. Every motor vehicle transporting Class 1 (explosive) materials must either have a closed body or have the body thereof covered with a tarpaulin, and in either event care must be taken to protect the load from moisture and sparks, except that subject to other provisions of these regulations, Class 1 (explosive) materials other than black powder may be transported on flat-bed vehicles if the explosive portion of the load on each vehicle is packed in fire and water resistant containers or covered with a fire and water resistant tarpaulin. For prohibited loading and storage of hazardous materials, see 177.848. (a) Each motor vehicle used for transporting Class 7 (radioactive) materials under exclusive use conditions in accordance with 173.427(b)(4), 173.427(c), or 173.443(b) of this subchapter must be surveyed with radiation detection instruments after each use. Packages having valves or other fittings must be loaded in a manner to minimize the likelihood of damage during transportation. (A) Prior to each use, each hose must be inspected to ensure that it is of sound quality, without defects detectable through visual observation; and. OSHA Required Locks for Trailer Lockout If you have questions for the Agency that issued the current document please contact the agency directly. (1) Loading. Smoking on or about any motor vehicle while loading or unloading any Class 1 (explosive), Class 3 (flammable liquid), Class 4 (flammable solid), Class 5 (oxidizing), or Division 2.1 (flammable gas) materials is forbidden. The person performing unloading functions must be trained in handling emergencies that may occur during the unloading operation. the hierarchy of the document. Generally, the length of a trailer is 53 feet, but single-piece loads can be transported on extendable semitrailers up to 75 feet if they are not loaded end to end, and the overall length does not exceed 100 feet. (d) Engine to be stopped in cargo tank motor vehicles, except for transfer pump. (a) Lading within body or covered; tailgate closed; pick-up and delivery. (f) Notwithstanding the segregation requirements of 177.848(d), when transported by highway by private or contract motor carrier, Division 6.1 PG I, Hazard Zone A toxic-by-inhalation (TIH) materials meeting the definition of a hazardous waste as provided in 171.8 of this subchapter, may be transported on the same transport vehicle with materials classed as Class 3, Class 4, Class 5, and Class 8. Loading & unloading Vehicles safely - HSE All storage batteries containing any electrolyte must be so loaded, if loaded with other lading, that all such batteries will be protected against other lading falling onto or against them, and adequate means must be provided in all cases for the protection and insulation of battery terminals against short circuits. Organization and Purpose Regulations (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 2137-0542). 177-78, 55 FR 52712, Dec. 21, 1990; Amdt. What Is the OSHA Regulation for Wheel Chocks? No packages of Class 1 (explosive) materials shall be thrown or dropped during process of loading or unloading or handling of Class 1 (explosive) materials. [Amdt. (4) The other vehicle in the combination contains any: (i) Substances, explosive, n.o.s., Division 1.1A (explosive) material (Initiating explosive). (a) Floors or platforms essentially flat. WebDOT loading regulations are based on knowing the precise dimensions of the equipment you are transporting. (B) The loading or unloading operations must be physically inspected by a qualified person at least once every sixty (60) minutes. (e) Chlorine cargo tank motor vehicles shall be shipped only when equipped: (1) With a gas mask of a type approved by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Pittsburgh Research Center, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for chlorine service; and. 49 CFR 392.9 - LII / Legal Information Institute (i) Class 1 (explosive) materials to be protected against damage by other lading. Many fatalities occur when a worker is crushed by a forklift that has overturned or fallen from a loading dock. Provides links and references to training and other resources related to the trucking industry. Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, dealing with the transportation of liquid nitroglycerin, desensitized liquid nitroglycerin or diethylene glycol dinitrate, all of that portion of the lading of any motor vehicle which consists of Class 1 (explosive) materials shall be contained entirely within the body of the motor vehicle or within the horizontal outline thereof, without overhang or projection of any part of the load and if such motor vehicle has a tailboard or tailgate, it shall be closed and secured in place during such transportation. OSHA also has jurisdiction in airport terminals unless the FAA has negotiated an airport manual and safety plan with a carrier which has a provision that preempts OSHA's jurisdiction by Section 4(b)1 for that provision. (1) Cylinders. Motor vehicles transporting Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) materials shall have tight floors; shall have that portion of the interior in contact with the load lined with either non-metallic material or non-ferrous metals, except that the lining is not required for truck load shipments loaded by the Departments of the Army, Navy or Air Force of the United States Government provided the Class 1 (explosive) materials are of such nature that they are not liable to leakage of dust, powder, or vapor which might become the cause of an explosion. 5, 1967]. A vehicle may not be returned to Class 7 (radioactive) materials exclusive use transport service, and then only for a subsequent exclusive use shipment utilizing the provisions of any of the paragraphs 173.427(b)(4), 173.427(c), or 173.443(b), until the radiation dose rate at every accessible surface is 0.005 mSv/h (0.5 mrem/h) or less and the non-fixed contamination is not greater than the level prescribed in 173.443(a) of this subchapter. guide. FAR). OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) is a federal regulatory agency of the United States Department of Labor. Their mission is to ensure safe and healthy workplace conditions. To enforce their rules and regulations, OSHA defines specific violation categories along with a structure of penalty fines. Types of OSHA Violations Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. The following table is to be used in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section: Note: The distance in this table must be measured from the nearest point on the nearest packages of Class 7 (radioactive) material. or existing codification. All drivers have the appropriate licence for the vehicle being driven, including Dangerous Goods where applicable. (iv) Hazardous materials in a portable tank or a DOT specification 106A or 110A tank. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Host employers may require site-specific forklift training of visiting workers, Safety Practices Once Tractor Trailer Drivers Arrive at a Destination, Inspection of Suspension-Type Highway Trailers Prior to Loading and Unloading with Powered Industrial Trucks, Longshoring and Marine Terminals: Fatal Facts, Injury and Illness Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements, Truck Driver Dies After Being Struck By Log That Fell From Logging Truck--North Carolina, Truck Driver Killed when Struck by Log that Rolled off Truck During Loading Operation--Alaska, Truck Driver Dies when a Load of Lumber Falls Over and Crushes Him in California, Motor vehicle accidents are not within OSHA's jurisdiction, 29 CFR 1910.178(m)(b) Powered Industrial Trucks; Truck Operations, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. OSHA Regulations This provision does not apply to exclusive use shipments described in 173.441(b), 173.457, and 173.427 of this subchapter. (u) Unloading of chlorine cargo tank motor vehicles. Your railings must: Nothing contained in this paragraph shall be so construed as to prohibit the fueling of machinery or vehicles used in road construction or maintenance. When a cargo tank is unloaded by a suction-piping system through an open filling hole of the cargo tank, electrical continuity shall be maintained from cargo tank to receiving tank. Before unloading from a cargo tank motor vehicle containing a liquefied compressed gas, the qualified person performing the function must check those components of the discharge system, including delivery hose assemblies and piping, that are readily observed during the normal course of unloading to assure that they are of sound quality, without obvious defects detectable through visual observation and audio awareness, and that connections are secure. Such bonding shall be made by first connecting an electric conductor to the container to be filled and subsequently connecting the conductor to the container from which the liquid is to come, and not in any other order. In addition, each package must be must be placed in a plastic bag which is taped closed and then overpacked in a UN 1A2 steel drum tested and marked for a PG II or higher performance level with insulation material inside to protect the cylinders from fire. A motor carrier who transports hazardous materials by a cargo tank must ensure that the cargo tank is attended by a qualified person at all times during unloading. If the vehicle is provided with placard boards, the placards must be applied to these boards. (ii) The qualified person observes all loading or unloading operations by means of video cameras and monitors or instrumentation and signaling systems such as sensors, alarms, and electronic surveillance equipment located at a remote control station, and the loading or unloading system is equipped as follows: (A) For a video monitoring system used to meet the attendance requirement, the camera must be mounted so as to provide an unobstructed view of all equipment involved in the loading or unloading operations, including all valves, hoses, domes, and pressure relief devices; (B) For an instrumentation and signaling system used to meet the attendance requirement, the system must provide a surveillance capability at least equal to that of a human observer; (C) Upon loss of video monitoring capability or instrumentation and signaling systems, loading or unloading operations must be immediately terminated; (D) Shut-off valves operable from the remote control station must be provided; (E) In the event of a remote system failure, a qualified person must immediately resume attending the loading or unloading of the cargo tank as provided in paragraph (i)(3)(i) of this section; (F) A containment area must be provided capable of holding the contents of as many cargo tank motor vehicles as might be loaded at any single time; and, (G) A qualified person must personally conduct a visual inspection of each cargo tank motor vehicle after it is loaded, prior to departure, for any damage that may have occurred during loading; or. Uneven loads can make the vehicle or trailer unstable. Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials that are stored during transportation in commerce must be attended and afforded surveillance in accordance with 49 CFR 397.5. This prohibition does not apply if, prior to expiration of the OWTT, the cargo tank is brought to full equilibration as specified in paragraph (j) of this section. (6) The heater unit and its fuel supply must be externally mounted on the truck or trailer. Related OSHA Safety and Health Topics pages. OSHA monitors safety when it comes to other areas of a commercial vehicle, like a flatbed trailer. (ii) That both the detonators and the container or compartment meet the requirements of the IME Standard 22 (IBR, see 171.7 of this subchapter). (b) This section does not apply to any vehicle used solely for transporting Class 7 (radioactive) material if a survey of the interior surface shows that the radiation dose rate does not exceed 0.1 mSv per hour (10 mrem per hour) at the interior surface or 0.02 mSv per hour (2 mrem per hour) at 1 meter (3.3 feet) from any interior surface. Truck or rail tank car loading or the unloading of flammable/combustible liquids is one of the most hazardous operations likely to be undertaken at any manufacturing or storage facility. (h) Division 4.2 (pyrophoric liquid) materials in cylinders. This document is available in the following developer friendly formats: Information and documentation can be found in our (D) Drums containing non-hazardous materials that are compatible with materials in all other drums immediately around them. For a cargo tank motor vehicle with an off-truck remote control shut-off capability as required by 173.315(n)(3) or (n)(4) of this subchapter, the qualified person attending the unloading operation must be in possession of the activation device at all times during the unloading process. All of that portion of the lading of any motor vehicle transporting Class 4 (flammable solid) or Class 5 (oxidizing) materials shall be contained entirely within the body of the motor vehicle and shall be covered by such body, by tarpaulins, or other suitable means, and if such motor vehicle has a tailboard or tailgate, it shall be closed and secured in place during such transportation: Provided, however, That the provisions of this paragraph need not apply to pick-up and delivery motor vehicles when such motor vehicles are used in no other transportation than in and about cities, towns, or villages. (2) The qualified person attending the unloading operation must have an unobstructed view of the cargo tank and delivery hose to the maximum extent practicable, except during short periods when it is necessary to activate controls or monitor the receiving container. Title 49 was last amended 2/03/2023. Figure 3. (e) Handbrake set while loading and unloading. [Amdt. Twin-trailer combinations are allowed with 28-foot trailer units without length limit, and there is no limit on the overall length. (l) Operating procedure. Unloading of chlorine from a cargo tank motor vehicle must be performed in compliance with Section 3 of the Chlorine Institute Pamphlet 57, Emergency Shut-off Systems for Bulk Transfer of Chlorine (IBR, see 171.7 of this subchapter). Enhanced content is provided to the user to provide additional context. WebBackground on FMCSA and OSHA Requirements: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulations state that a driver must not operate a commercial motor vehicle (CMV) if the load isnt properly secured. The Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) is a continuously updated online version of the CFR. (b) Portable tank containers containing Class 2 (gases) materials shall be loaded on motor vehicles only as follows: (1) Onto a flat floor or platform of a motor vehicle. (1) When transporting Class 1 (explosive) materials. (d) Multipurpose bulk trucks. WebHowever, interior combinations of axles, such as the "tractor bridge" (axles 1, 2, and 3) and "trailer bridge" (axles 2, 3, 4, and 5), must also comply with weights computed by the Bridge Formula (Figure 3). 177-85, 60 FR 50335, Sept. 28, 1995; 63 FR 52850, Oct. 1, 1998; 65 FR 58631, Sept. 29, 2000; 67 FR 53142, Aug. 14, 2002; 75 FR 53597, Sept. 1, 2010; 79 FR 40618, July 11, 2014]. The maximum gross weight of Division 2.3 Hazard Zone A material carried on one vehicle must not exceed 3,636 kg (8,000 lbs.). Cylinders containing acetylene and manifolded as part of a mobile acetylene trailer system must be transported in accordance with 173.301(g) of this subchapter. 1/1.1 As a (5) Heater requirements under 393.77 of this title are complied with. (d) Packages must be so blocked and braced that they cannot change position during conditions normally incident to transportation. Vehicles must never be overloaded. (3) A qualified person attends the loading or unloading of a cargo tank only if, throughout the process: (i) Except for unloading operations subject to 177.837(d) and 177.840(p) and (q), the qualified person is within 7.62 m (25 feet) of the cargo tank. (ii) disconnecting the heater's power source. An operator must use the following procedures for unloading liquefied petroleum gas or anhydrous ammonia from a cargo tank motor vehicle in other than metered delivery service: (1) The qualified person attending the unloading operation must remain within 7.62 m (25 feet) of the cargo tank when the internal self-closing stop valve is open. (4) The heating system will not heat any part of the cargo to more than 54 C (129 F). WebNo hazardous material shall be loaded into or on, or unloaded from, any motor vehicle unless the handbrake be securely set and all other reasonable precautions be taken to prevent These vehicles must be kept closed at all times other than loading and unloading. (a) Packages secured in a motor vehicle. (8) The heater unit must utilize outside air for combustion (air from the cargo space cannot be used for combustion). Shipment in water-tight bulk containers need not be covered by a tarpaulin or other means. For shipments transported as exclusive use under the provisions of 173.441(b) of this subchapter for packages with external radiation levels in excess of 2 mSv (200 mrem per hour) at the package surface, the motor vehicle must meet the requirements of a closed transport vehicle (see 173.403 of this subchapter). full text search results (3) If the facility hose is equipped with a passive means to shut off the flow of product that conforms to and is maintained to the performance standard in 173.315(n)(2) of this subchapter, the qualified person may attend the unloading operation in accordance with the attendance requirements prescribed for the material being unloaded in 177.834 of this section. Each group of packages must be handled and stored together no closer than 6 m (20 feet) (measured edge to edge) to any other group. (h) Lading within body or covered tailgate closed. (6) Heater requirements under 393.77 of this title are complied with. (i) No person may transport a Division 2.1 (flammable gas) material that is a cryogenic liquid in a cargo tank motor vehicle unless the pressure of the lading is equal to or less than that used to determine the marked rated holding time (MRHT) and the one-way travel time (OWTT), marked on the cargo tank in conformance with 173.318(g) of this subchapter, is equal to or greater than the elapsed time between the start and termination of travel. For a cargo tank motor vehicle equipped with an off-truck remote means to close the internal self-closing stop valve and shut off all motive and auxiliary power equipment, an operator must successfully test the activation device within 18 hours prior to the first delivery of each day. However, the carrier's obligation to ensure attendance during unloading ceases when: (i) The carrier's obligation for transporting the materials is fulfilled; (ii) The cargo tank has been placed upon the consignee's premises; and. No motor vehicle transporting any Class 1 (explosive) material may transport as a part of its load any metal or other articles or materials likely to damage such Class 1 (explosive) material or any package in which it is contained, unless the different parts of such load be so segregated or secured in place in or on the motor vehicle and separated by bulkheads or other suitable means as to prevent such damage. (m) Cargo tank motor vehicle safety check. 177-35, 41 FR 16131, Apr. For Federal Register citations affecting 177.835, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. When shipped in open type motor vehicles, the lading must be suitably covered. For containers which are not in metallic contact with each other, either metallic bonds or ground conductors shall be provided for the neutralization of possible static charges prior to and during transfers of Class 3 (flammable liquid) materials between such containers. All pertinent requirements of 173.457 and 173.459 apply. Jacks are used when loading and unloading a tractor trailer. The outside of the overpack must be marked with an indication that the inner packagings conform to the prescribed specifications. Any package containing any hazardous material, not permanently attached to a motor vehicle, must be secured against shifting, including relative motion between packages, within the vehicle on which it is being transported, under conditions normally incident to transportation. (3) Self-heating, solid, organic, n.o.s., UN3088, in PG II or III packaged in UN 1G fiber drums meeting the Packing Group II performance level requirements of subpart M of part 178 of this subchapter. Trailer Door Safety Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, or Safari. There must be no overhang once the trailer is loaded, and drivers should have clear visibility on all sides of the vehicle.