2008;111(2 Pt 2):522-524. View abstract. CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. The mitochondria act. A bidimensional echocardiographic study]. Eidi, M., Pouyan, O., Shahmohammadi, P., Saeidi, H., Bahar, M., and Eidi, A. Calabrese, V., Cornelius, C., Mancuso, C., Lentile, R., Stella, A. M., and Butterfield, D. A. Redox homeostasis and cellular stress response in aging and neurodegeneration. L-Carnitine supplementation in older women. Mondillo, S., Faglia, S., D'Aprile, N., Mangiacotti, L., Campolo, M. A., Agricola, E., and Palazzuoli, V. [Therapy of arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia. Eur J Nutr 2022;61(3):1199-1207. View abstract. View abstract. 2010;106(8):1181-1185. 4-5-2008;130(12):441-445. Capaldo B, Napoli R, Di Bonito P, et al. View abstract. Oral administration of l-carnitine improves the clinical outcome of fertility in patients with IVF treatment. View abstract. Int.J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2008;18(1):19-36. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 2002;67(1):33-38. View abstract. Laforet, P. and Vianey-Saban, C. Disorders of muscle lipid metabolism: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Whats more, five of the participants taking L-carnitine experienced nausea or diarrhea (24). View abstract. Melegh B, Kerner J, Sandor A, et al. Obes Rev. 2012;7(11):1836-1842. Reduce dosage to alleviate this side effect. J Cardiopulm.Rehabil.Prev. Zhongguo Wei Zhong.Bing.Ji.Jiu.Yi Xue 2011;23(12):739-742. Even though the chance of adverse side effects is slight, there are two things that we suggest when taking Coenzyme Q10. Rausch CR, Paul S, Marx KR, et al. 1993;25(6):733-740. L-Carnitine in the treatment of fatigue in adult celiac disease patients: a pilot study. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. Clin Ther 2010;32(4):710-713. 1999; Mitwalli, A. H., Al-Wakeel, J. S., Alam, A., Tarif, N., Abu-Aisha, H., Rashed, M., and Al, Nahed N. L-carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis patients. Curr.Opin.Pediatr. 2006;142(4):458-460. Sangouni AA, Pakravanfar F, Ghadiri-Anari A, Nadjarzadeh A, Fallahzadeh H, Hosseinzadeh M. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid profile in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. Vegans or people with certain genetic issues may be unable to produce or obtain enough. 2010;38:152-5. Mettang, T., Thomas, S., and Kuhlmann, U. L-carnitine does not alleviate uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. 2007;62(4):349-354. Karalis DT, Karalis T, Karalis S, Kleisiari AS. View abstract. View abstract. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1990;10:355-60. Mintz M. Carnitine in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. View abstract. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. Immunopharmacol.Immunotoxicol. Le Tourneau, C., Faivre, S., Ciruelos, E., Dominguez, M. J., Lopez-Martin, J. Turk.J Pediatr 1998;40(1):79-84. A., Cotman, C. W., and Sullivan, P. G. Effects of age, dietary, and behavioral enrichment on brain mitochondria in a canine model of human aging. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on the quality of life in diabetic patients with muscle cramps. View abstract. In: Pagon, R. A., Bird, T. D., Dolan, C. R., Stephens, K., and Adam, M. P. GeneReviews [Internet]. Turpeinen, A. K., Kuikka, J. T., Vanninen, E., Yang, J., and Uusitupa, M. I. View abstract. Pittler, M. H. and Ernst, E. Complementary therapies for neuropathic and neuralgic pain: systematic review. View abstract. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Sawicka AK, Hartmane D, Lipinska P, Wojtowicz E, Lysiak-Szydlowska W, Olek RA. J Androl 2012;33(2):170-175. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;26:1411-6. View abstract. Yet, there are a few known side effects that include agitation, insomnia and nausea. View abstract. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. A., Yamamah, G. A. E., El-Baky, A. M. N. E. A., El-Kassas, G. M., and Elhalim, A. Nephron 1989;51(2):237-242. Older adults may also benefit from L-carnitine supplements. Rockstar zero carb packs a powerful boost but has zero sugar and just 10 carbs per serving. Sigman, M., Glass, S., Campagnone, J., and Pryor, J. L. Carnitine for the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. View abstract. Cuturic, M., Abramson, R. K., Moran, R. R., and Hardin, J. W. Clinical outcomes and low-dose levocarnitine supplementation in psychiatric inpatients with documented hypocarnitinemia: a retrospective chart review. Borghi-Silva, A., Baldissera, V., Sampaio, L. M., Pires-DiLorenzo, V. A., Jamami, M., Demonte, A., Marchini, J. S., and Costa, D. L-carnitine as an ergogenic aid for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to whole-body and respiratory muscle training programs. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Tanphaichitr N. In vitro stimulation of human sperm motility by acetylcarnitine. (Cruciani et al., 2004). 2009;10(2):103-110. Effect of glycine propionyl-L-carnitine on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance. Effect of Levocarnitine on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Conventional Therapy in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Results of a Randomized Trial in 29 Children. 3. Cardiology 2006;106(4):215-223. View abstract. Bertoli, M., Battistella, P. A., Vergani, L., Naso, A., Gasparotto, M. L., Romagnoli, G. F., and Angelini, C. Carnitine deficiency induced during hemodialysis and hyperlipidemia: effect of replacement therapy. Abbasnezhad A, Choghakhori R, Kashkooli S, Alipour M, Asbaghi O, Mohammadi R. Effect of L-carnitine on liver enzymes and biochemical factors in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. View abstract. [Acetylcarnitine and spermatozoa: relationship with epididymal maturation and motility in the boar and man]. View abstract. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. View abstract. View abstract. This article lists 5 natural fat burners that are supported by science. I. Carnitine concentrations and lipid effects." Goetz, C. G., Tanner, C. M., Cohen, J. Nasser, M., Javaheri, H., Fedorowicz, Z., and Noorani, Z. Carnitine supplementation for inborn errors of metabolism. Ageing Res.Rev. View abstract. While it may aid in weight loss for obese individuals or older adults, a thorough diet and exercise regimen must be in place first. Milazzo, L., Menzaghi, B., Caramma, I., Nasi, M., Sangaletti, O., Cesari, M., Zanone, Poma B., Cossarizza, A., Antinori, S., and Galli, M. Effect of antioxidants on mitochondrial function in HIV-1-related lipoatrophy: a pilot study. View abstract. Zhonghua Nan.Ke.Xue. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021;34(7):897-904. Several natural foods and beverages have been shown to increase metabolism and promote fat loss. Park, H. D., Kim, S. R., Ki, C. S., Lee, S. Y., Chang, Y. S., Jin, D. K., and Park, W. S. Two novel HADHB gene mutations in a Korean patient with mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency. What Is L-Carnitine? | L-Carnitine Benefits, Dosage & When To take? Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 2009;23(4):301-306. 11 Best Foods to Boost Your Brain and Memory, The 10 Best Nootropic Supplements to Boost Brain Power, How to Speed Up Your Metabolism: 9 Easy Ways Backed by Science, 18 Popular Weight Loss Medications and Supplements Reviewed, 6 Reasons Why Eggs Are the Healthiest Food on the Planet, Fast Metabolism 101: What It Is and How to Get It. Endocr.J 2010;57(9):777-786. Wang DD, Wang TY, Yang Y, He SM, Wang YM. J Physiol Biochem. 1990;5(3):263-265. When taken by mouth: L-carnitine is likely safe when taken for up to 12 months. U.S. The effect of preoperative L-carnitine supplementation on myocardial metabolism during aorto-coronary-bypass surgery. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Liu Q, Garner P, Wang Y, Huang B, Smith H. Drugs and herbs given to prevent hepatotoxicity of tuberculosis therapy: systematic review of ingredients and evaluation studies. Clin Exp.Rheumatol. Rebuzzi AG, Schiavani G, Amico C, and et al. View abstract. View abstract. Drug Dev Res 1988;14:213-216. 2010;16(10):919-921. Clin Nephrol. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Avitabile, T., Malaguarnera, M., Cammalleri, L., and Motta, M. L-Carnitine supplementation reduces oxidized LDL cholesterol in patients with diabetes. 2008;22(4):1130-1135. Loffredo, L., Pignatelli, P., Cangemi, R., Andreozzi, P., Panico, M. A., Meloni, V., and Violi, F. Imbalance between nitric oxide generation and oxidative stress in patients with peripheral arterial disease: effect of an antioxidant treatment. J Gerontol.A Biol.Sci Med.Sci 2008;63(10):1027-1033. However, studies support its use for health, brain function and disease prevention. J Ren Nutr 2021;S1051-2276(21)00091-1. View abstract. View abstract. Lagioia, R., Scrutinio, D., Mangini, S. G., Ricci, A., Mastropasqua, F., Valentini, G., Ramunni, G., Totaro, Fila G., and Rizzon, P. Propionil-L-carnitine: a new compound in the metabolic approach to the treatment of effort angina. Comparative study of bioactive constituents in crude and processed Glycyrrhizae radix and their respective metabolic profiles in gastrointestinal tract in vitro by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI/MS analyses. Kumar, R., Gautam, G., and Gupta, N. P. Drug therapy for idiopathic male infertility: rationale versus evidence. 2010;34(3):295-299. View abstract. Jacobs, P. L., Goldstein, E. R., Blackburn, W., Orem, I., and Hughes, J. J. Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate accumulation in resistance trained males. A., Carroll, V. S., Klawans, H. L., and Fariello, R. G. L-acetyl-carnitine in Huntington's disease: double-blind placebo controlled crossover study of drug effects on movement disorder and dementia. The standard dose of L-carnitine is 5002,000 mg per day. The effect of L-carnitine supplement on dialysis patients [abstract]. Ren Fail. Here are several other types of carnitine: For most people, acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine seem to be the most effective for general use. 2009;10(12):1875-1882. A randomized double blind versus placebo study. 2007;110(2 Pt 2):480-482. J Clin Biochem.Nutr. Fertil Steril 2002;78:1203-8.. View abstract. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1995;65:211-4. Zhang JJ, Wu ZB, Cai YJ, Ke B, Huang YJ, Qiu CP, Yang YB, Shi LY, Qin J. L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. My experiences with Alpha Lipoic Acid: benefits and side effects [RETRACTED]. If you happen to feel nausea, next time just take this supplement with food or take a lesser dose. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Other research reveals that acetyl-L-carnitine may also help boost brain health and function as you age (64, 65). 2010;62(3):213-218. Side Effects. Carnitine is naturally present in many foodsespecially foods of animal originand is available as a dietary supplement. Anon. L-arginine should be used with caution. L-Carnitine is a naturally occurring substance that the body needs for energy. View abstract. View abstract. 1988;192(4):155-157. View abstract. Evaluation of the efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine versus pulsed muscular compressions in diabetic and non-diabetic patients affected by obliterating arteriopathy Leriche stage II. A., Bromberg, M. B., Chan, G. M., and Kissel, J. T. SMA CARNI-VAL trial part I: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of L-carnitine and valproic acid in spinal muscular atrophy. Nutr J 2012;11:52. Geier, D. A., Kern, J. K., Davis, G., King, P. G., Adams, J. Maillart, E., Acquaviva-Bourdain, C., Rigal, O., Brivet, M., Jardel, C., Lombes, A., Eymard, B., Vianey-Saban, C., and Laforet, P. [Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD): a curable cause of genetic muscular lipidosis]. Does carnitine cause high blood pressure? 1992;14(4):183-194. Angelova-Fischer I, Rippke F, Fischer TW, Neufang G, Zillikens D. A double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled efficacy assessment study of a skin care formulation for improvement of mild to moderately severe acne. However, no studies have confirmed the benefits of carnitine supplements in these specific populations. Scand.J Clin Lab Invest 1985;45(2):179-184. Tentative evidence suggests L-carnitine supplements might increase your risk of atherosclerosis. Study links depression to low blood levels of acetyl-L-carnitine eCollection 2019. Exp.Diabetes Res. Carnitine is also synthesized endogenously in the liver . . Yeh, Y. Y., Cooke, R. J., and Zee, P. Impairment of lipid emulsion metabolism associated with carnitine insufficiency in premature infants. Effect of L-carnitine on plasma glycemic and lipidemic profile in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Editorial comment on: Antioxidant treatment associated with sildenafil reduces monocyte activation and markers of endothelial damage in patients with diabetic erectile dysfunction: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. View abstract. Insomnia; Energy drinks can cause insomnia, especially when it . 2020;37:9-23. Srivastava DK, Kumar S Misra AP. Australas Psychiatry. Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. Perrott, J., Murphy, N. G., and Zed, P. J. L-carnitine for acute valproic acid overdose: a systematic review of published cases. L-carnitine is a nutrient and dietary supplement. Nourshahi, M., Kaviani, M., Kimiagar, M., and Ebrahim, K. H. The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic threshold and lactate accumulation during an incremental exercise. According to one study, 5784% of L-carnitine is absorbed when its consumed from food, compared to only 1418% when taken as a supplement (61). 1979;43(2):300-306. Acta Paediatr 1996;85:446-9. View abstract. View abstract. Rajasekar, P. and Anuradha, C. V. Effect of L-carnitine on skeletal muscle lipids and oxidative stress in rats fed high-fructose diet. An JH, Kim YJ, Kim KJ, et al. 2007;2007:72741. 2007;213(4):351-359. 2006;7(2):101-109. Katiyar, A. and Aaron, C. Case files of the Children's Hospital of Michigan Regional Poison Control Center: the use of carnitine for the management of acute valproic acid toxicity. View abstract. 2008;54(6):375-381. View abstract. Neurochem.Res. 11. Low levels of L-carnitine have been found to be associated with diabetic complications. Sakurabayashi, T., Miyazaki, S., Yuasa, Y., Sakai, S., Suzuki, M., Takahashi, S., and Hirasawa, Y. L-carnitine supplementation decreases the left ventricular mass in patients undergoing hemodialysis. View abstract. The effects of anti-anxiety and depression therapy on life quality of patient with coronary heart disease. Clin Ther 1995;17:176-85. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. There is little evidence that L-carnitine supplementation improves cancer -related fatigue, low fertility, or overall physical health. View abstract. Malaguarnera, M., Pistone, G., Astuto, M., Dell'Arte, S., Finocchiaro, G., Lo, Giudice E., and Pennisi, G. L-Carnitine in the treatment of mild or moderate hepatic encephalopathy. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of L-carnitine in suspected acute myocardial infarction. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Motta, M., Giordano, M., Malaguarnera, G., Bella, R., Nunnari, G., Rampello, L., and Pennisi, G. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves cognitive functions in severe hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Chan, A., Paskavitz, J., Remington, R., Rasmussen, S., and Shea, T. B. Efficacy of a vitamin/nutriceutical formulation for early-stage Alzheimer's disease: a 1-year, open-label pilot study with an 16-month caregiver extension. View abstract. They may have you stop lipotropics or switch the ingredients being used. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1992;12:299-304. High levels of TMAO are linked to an increased risk of atherosclerosis a disease which clogs your arteries (59, 60). Liu, S., Wu, H. J., Zhang, Z. Q., Chen, Q., Liu, B., Wu, J. P., and Zhu, L. L-carnitine ameliorates cancer cachexia in mice by regulating the expression and activity of carnitine palmityl transferase. Propionyl-L-Carnitine - RxList Safarinejad, M. R., Hosseini, S. Y., and Kolahi, A. Zhou, X., Liu, F., and Zhai, S. Effect of L-carnitine and/or L-acetyl-carnitine in nutrition treatment for male infertility: a systematic review. Acta Med Scand 1982;212(3):115-120. Effect of L-carnitine treatment in vivo on apoptosis and ceramide generation in peripheral blood lymphocytes from AIDS patients. Shortland, G. J., Walter, J. H., Stroud, C., Fleming, P. J., Speidel, B. D., and Marlow, N. Randomised controlled trial of L-carnitine as a nutritional supplement in preterm infants. View abstract. Acetyl-L-Carnitine is a potent brain enhancer that can help enhance your learning ability while protecting your brain. Bartels GL, Remme WJ, den Hartog FR, et al. Suchitra, M. M., Ashalatha, V. L., Sailaja, E., Rao, A. M., Reddy, V. S., Bitla, A. R., Sivakumar, V., and Rao, P. V. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters, inflammatory and nutritional markers in maintenance hemodialysis patients. 2017;96(39):e8117 View abstract. View abstract. 1996;208(3):129-134. Vecchiet L, Di Lisa F, Pieralisi G, et al. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine, L-arginine and nicotinic acid on the efficacy of vardenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in diabetes. Yang, L., Yin, H., Yang, R., and Huang, X. All rights reserved. Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activitiy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of adefovir dipivoxyl (9-[2-(bis-pivaloyloxymethyl)-phosphonylmethoxyethyl]adenine) in HIV-infected patients. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. 2006;29(2):100-107. View abstract. Amelioration of the depression of HIV-infected subjects with L-acetyl carnitine therapy. To determine the dose and tolerability we conducted a phase II study with increasing doses of L-carnitine supplementation. View abstract. View abstract. Hepatology 2010;52(1):79-104. View abstract. Follow all directions on your prescription label. View abstract. B., Karall, D., de, Klerk H., Knerr, I., Koch, H. G., Plecko, B., Roschinger, W., Schwab, K. O., Scheible, D., Wijburg, F. A., Zschocke, J., Mayatepek, E., and Wendel, U. Kidney Blood Press Res. View abstract. JPEN J Parenter.Enteral Nutr 1990;14(5):448-453. 2012;13(2):285-293. 11-15-2008;102(10):1413-1417. 2003;23(5):270-277. L-Carnitine: Jim Stoppani Explains The Benefits of Carnitine J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. Tomassini, V., Pozzilli, C., Onesti, E., Pasqualetti, P., Marinelli, F., Pisani, A., and Fieschi, C. Comparison of the effects of acetyl L-carnitine and amantadine for the treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: results of a pilot, randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Intravenous dl-carnitine fails to increase the double-product during atrial pacing in patients with effort angina. 2010;(2):CD007280. Goral S. Levocarnitine and muscle metabolism in patients with end-stage renal disease. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. Salvioli G, Neri M. L-acetylcarnitine treatment of mental decline in the elderly. It helps transport fatty acids into the mitochondria where they can be burned up and used as fuel. 2007;26(1):93-94. Hamedi-Kalajahi F, Imani H, Mojtahedi S, Shabbidar S. Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Serum Glucose in Hemodialysis Children: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Endocr J. Saudi.J Kidney Dis Transpl. Calabrese, V., Colombrita, C., Sultana, R., Scapagnini, G., Calvani, M., Butterfield, D. A., and Stella, A. M. Redox modulation of heat shock protein expression by acetylcarnitine in aging brain: relationship to antioxidant status and mitochondrial function. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31(4):503-507. 5A5 Steak Lounge. However, several studies note mild benefits associated with larger or more long-term doses (43, 44, 45). Long term side effects of high dose carnitine use are not fully known. J Pharm Sci 1995;84(5):627-633. The Benefits of Lysine for Adrenal Fatigue Syndrome View abstract. View abstract. Biolo, G., Stulle, M., Bianco, F., Mengozzi, G., Barazzoni, R., Vasile, A., Panzetta, G., and Guarnieri, G. Insulin action on glucose and protein metabolism during L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance haemodialysis patients. Ricci, A., Caiati, C., Galantino, A., Scrutinio, D., Valentini, G., Chiddo, A., and Rizzon, P. [Acute effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on anomalies of parietal kinetics of the left ventricle induced by atrial pacing in patients with ischemic heart disease. View abstract. Clin Rheumatol. View abstract. The highest concentrations are in high energy demand areas such as your brain, heart and muscles. View abstract. Lacour B, Di Giulio S, Chanard J, Ciancioni C, Haguet M, Lebkiri B, Basile C, Drueke T, Assan R, Funck-Brentano JL "Carnitine improves lipid anomalies in haemodialysis patients." Eur Heart J 1989;10(6):502-508. Jirillo, E., Altamura, M., Munno, I., Pellegrino, N. M., Sabato, R., Di Fabio, S., and De Simone, C. Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine oral administration on lymphocyte antibacterial activity and TNF-alpha levels in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. For your body to produce it in sufficient amounts, you also need plenty of vitamin C (4). Hatamkhani S, Khalili H, Karimzadeh I, Dashti-Khavidaki S, Abdollahi A, Jafari S. Carnitine for prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a randomized, clinical trial. Acta Cardiol. View abstract. Effects of Carnitine on Thyroid Health - Thyroid Advisor Pueschel, S. M. The effect of acetyl-L-carnitine administration on persons with Down syndrome. 2011;22(6):1155-1159. View abstract. Am.J Med.Genet.A 4-1-2008;146(7):803-812. Efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil with antiretroviral therapy. doi: 10.1111/and.13267. Gunal, A. I., Celiker, H., Donder, E., and Gunal, S. Y. Hurot JM, Cucherat M, Haugh M, Fouque D. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a systematic review. Carnitine is a micronutrient derived from amino acids and is found in almost all the cells of your body. Bazzato, G., Mezzina, C., Ciman, M., and Guarnieri, G. Myasthenia-like syndrome associated with carnitine in patients on long- term haemodialysis. Fathizadeh H, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. Greco, A. V., Mingrone, G., Bianchi, M., and Ghirlanda, G. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of diabetic angiopathy: controlled double blind trial versus placebo. View abstract. Int.J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2011;21(5):385-397. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on plasma carnitine levels and various performance parameters of male marathon athletes. View abstract. Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Calvani M, et al. J Clin Oncol. . Krahenbuhl S. Carnitine metabolism in chronic liver disease. J Nutr.Biochem. J Pain Symptom Manage 2006;32:551-9. Idiopathic facial paralysis: new therapeutic prospects with acetyl-L-carnitine. 2007;22(6):330-337. Effects of exercise intensity and altered substrate availability on cardiovascular and metabolic responses to exercise after oral carnitine supplementation in athletes. A. View abstract. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 2011;34(9):1088-1097. 2009;9:53. Methods Mol.Biol. Pediatr.Hematol.Oncol. Eur.J Haematol. Bloomer, R. J., Farney, T. M., Trepanowski, J. F., McCarthy, C. G., Canale, R. E., and Schilling, B. K. Comparison of pre-workout nitric oxide stimulating dietary supplements on skeletal muscle oxygen saturation, blood nitrate/nitrite, lipid peroxidation, and upper body exercise performance in resistance trained men. Gwak, J. H., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. J., Park, H. W., Kim, Y., and Hyun, Y. J. The study in the European Heart Journal involved 113 healthy men and women to determine the effect of consuming red meat and white meat . Minerva Anestesiol. 2014 Nov 26;13:110. G.Ital.Nefrol. View abstract. Romano, M., Vacante, M., Cristaldi, E., Colonna, V., Gargante, M. P., Cammalleri, L., and Malaguarnera, M. L-carnitine treatment reduces steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with alpha-interferon and ribavirin. Optom.Vis.Sci 2011;88(12):1439-1444. Foitzik, K., Hoting, E., Heinrich, U., Tronnier, H., and Paus, R. Indications that topical L-carnitin-L-tartrate promotes human hair growth in vivo. Most people tolerate L-carnitine well. View abstract. Vidal-Casariego A, Burgos-Pelez R, Martnez-Faedo C, Calvo-Gracia F, Valero-Zanuy M, Luengo-Prez LM, Cuerda-Comps C. Metabolic effects of L-carnitine on type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2017;3:CD009374. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Kang, H. C., Kim, H. D., Lee, Y. M., and Han, S. H. Landau-Kleffner syndrome with mitochondrial respiratory chain-complex I deficiency.